Science
BOSTON: Novel Face Mask Developed By MIT, Harvard Can Detect COVID-19 Infection
BOSTON: Researchers at MIT and Harvard University have designed a new face mask that can diagnose if the wearer is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes COVID-19, within 90 minutes.
The mask design, described in the journal Nature Biotechnology, has embedded tiny, disposable sensors that can be fitted into other face masks, and could also be adapted to detect other viruses.
The researchers showed that the sensors could be incorporated into not only face masks but also clothing such as lab coats, potentially offering a new way to monitor health care workers’ exposure to a variety of pathogens or other threats.
“We have demonstrated that we can freeze-dry a broad range of synthetic biology sensors to detect viral or bacterial nucleic acids, as well as toxic chemicals, including nerve toxins,” said James Collins, a professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US.
“We envision that this platform could enable next-generation wearable biosensors for first responders, health care personnel, and military personnel,” Collins, the senior author of the study, said.
The face mask sensors are designed so that they can be activated by the wearer when they are ready to perform the test, and the results are only displayed on the inside of the mask, for the privacy of the user.
As the researchers were finishing up their work on the wearable sensors early in 2020, COVID-19 began spreading around the globe, so they quickly decided to try using their technology to create a diagnostic for the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
To produce their diagnostic face mask, the researchers embedded freeze-dried sensors into a paper mask.
These freeze-dried components are surrounded by silicone elastomer, the researchers said.
The sensors are placed on the inside of the mask, so they can detect viral particles in the breath of the person wearing the mask.
The mask also includes a small reservoir of water that is released at the push of a button when the wearer is ready to perform the test.
This hydrates the freeze-dried components of the sensor, which analyses accumulated breath droplets on the inside of the mask and produces a result within 90 minutes.
“This test is as sensitive as the gold standard, highly sensitive PCR tests, but it is as fast as the antigen tests that are used for quick analysis of Covid-19,” said Peter Nguyen, a research scientist at Harvard University in the US.
The prototypes have sensors on the inside of the mask to detect a user’s status, as well as sensors placed on the outside of garments, to detect exposure from the environment.
The researchers can also swap in sensors for other pathogens, including influenza, Ebola, and Zika, or sensors they have developed to detect organophosphate nerve agents.
“Through these demonstrations we have essentially shrunk down the functionality of state-of-the-art molecular testing facilities into a format compatible with wearable scenarios across a variety of applications,” said MIT’s Luis Soenksen, a lead author of the research paper.
The researchers have filed for a patent on the technology and they are now hoping to work with a company to further develop the sensors.
The face mask is most likely the first application that could be made available, Collins added.
Science
SAN FRANCISCO: Indian-Origin Founder Unveils Wearable Device That Records Every Moment Of Your Life
SAN FRANCISCO: Advait Paliwal, an Indian-origin entrepreneur, has recently introduced a wearable AI device called Iris, designed to provide users with “infinite memory.” According to Paliwal, the device captures “pictures every minute,” which are stored either on the device or in the cloud, allowing users to preserve life’s small moments and recognize patterns often overlooked.
In a series of tweets, Mr Paliwal, who is based in San Francisco, explained that Iris not only organises the photos into a timeline but also uses AI to generate captions and help users recall forgotten details. Additionally, the device features a “focus mode,” which detects when the wearer is distracted and offers reminders to refocus.
Mr. Paliwal shared that the design of Iris is inspired by the evil eye symbol. He developed the device over the summer at the Augmentation Lab in Cambridge, part of a two-month AI and hardware talent accelerator program. After the program, Mr Paliwal presented Iris to over 250 attendees at the MIT Media Lab, where he received positive feedback, with many expressing interest in owning the device.
Highlighting its potential, Mr Paliwal suggested that Iris could offer safety and health benefits, such as aiding doctors in understanding patients’ daily habits or ensuring workplace safety compliance. In elderly care, the device could help caregivers monitor patients without being intrusive.
However, after Mr Paliwal shared his post on X (formerly Twitter), reactions were mixed. While some users expressed excitement, others raised privacy concerns. One person commented, “It’s an interesting concept, but I wouldn’t want to interact with someone wearing this, taking a photo every minute.” Paliwal responded by pointing out that people are already “constantly taking mental photos.”
Others were more enthusiastic, with one user noting, “I’ve been searching for a device like this for years! A picture every minute should be enough if it archives, organizes, labels, and retrieves them.” Another user praised the concept, saying, “Love the idea. The design and name are perfect. Great work!”
Science
TEXAS: Meet Gopi Thotakura, Indian Who Will Soon Go To The Edge Of Outer Space
TEXAS: In an unprecedented leap towards the stars, pilot Gopichand Thotakura is set to become the first Indian to venture into space as a tourist. Selected as part of the elite crew for Blue Origin’s New Shephard-25 (NS-25) mission, Mr Thotakura will make a journey beyond the Earth’s atmosphere along with five other candidates.
Gopichand Thotakura, an entrepreneur and pilot, joins a distinguished lineup of 31 candidates who have flown beyond the Karman line, the boundary between Earth’s atmosphere and outer space.
A connoisseur of the skies since his youth, Mr Thotakura’s passion for flight saw him defy conventional norms, learning to pilot aircraft before mastering the art of driving. To further his passion, he graduated from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University with a Bachelor of Science in Aeronautical Science.
Describing him, Blue Origins wrote, “Gopi is a pilot and aviator who learned how to fly before he could drive. Gopi pilots bush, aerobatic, and seaplanes, as well as gliders and hot air balloons, and has served as an international medical jet pilot. A lifelong traveler, his most recent adventure took him to the summit of Mt. Kilimanjaro.”
Born in Vijayawada, the 30-year-old currently runs Preserve Life Corp, a global center for holistic wellness and applied health located near Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport
Each member of the NS-25 mission will carry a postcard on behalf of Blue Origin’s foundation, Club for the Future, symbolizing the collective dreams and aspirations of young minds worldwide.
From an environmental standpoint, the NS-25 mission heralds a new era of sustainability in space exploration.
“Nearly 99% of New Shepard’s dry mass is reused, including the booster, capsule, engine, landing gear, and parachutes. New Shepard’s engine is fueled by highly efficient liquid oxygen and hydrogen. During flight, the only byproduct is water vapor with no carbon emissions,” Blue Origins said in their statement.
The launch date for the mission is yet to be announced.
The mission also includes former Air Force Captain Ed Dwight, who was selected by US President John F Kennedy in 1961 as the country’s first Black astronaut candidate but was never granted the opportunity to fly to space.
Blue Origin has carried out six crewed flights — some passengers were paying customers and others were guests — since July 2021, when CEO Jeff Bezos himself took part in the first.
The company is also developing a heavy rocket for commercial purposes called New Glenn, with the maiden flight planned for next year.
This rocket, which measures 98 meters (320 feet) high, is designed to carry payloads of as much as 45 metric tons into low Earth orbit.
Science
WASHINGTON: Who Is Aroh Barjatya, Indian-Origin Researcher Who Led Recent NASA Mission
WASHINGTON: Aroh Barjatya, an India-born researcher, led NASA’s mission that launched sounding rockets during the recent total solar eclipse.
The US space agency launched three sounding rockets during the total solar eclipse on April 8 to study what happens to the Earth’s upper atmosphere when sunlight dims momentarily over a part of the planet.
Who Is Aroh Barjatya?
A professor of engineering physics, Aroh Barjatya directs the Space and Atmospheric Instrumentation Lab at the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in Florida.
Born to a chemical engineer, Ashok Kumar Barjatya, and his wife Rajeshwari, Aroh Barjatya went to schools across India, including in Patalganga near Mumbai, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Pilani, and Solapur.
He went on to get a degree in electronics engineering from Solapur’s Walchand Institute of Technology.
In 2021, he moved to the US for a master’s degree in electrical engineering at Utah State University. He later did his PhD in spacecraft instrumentation from the same university.
“In addition to leading an externally funded research enterprise, as a tenured faculty I have mentored and engaged young minds through inquiry-based learning tactics, created a new area of concentration within the Engineering Physics programme at ERAU… My mission is to advance the state of the art in space research and education and to inspire the next generation of space engineers and scientists,” he wrote on his LinkedIn profile.
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