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CAIRO: Companies skeptical about Egypt’s push to ease industry ties

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CAIRO: In Egypt, state-owned companies bottle water, make dry pasta and cement, and run gas stations and fish farms.
Two of the most powerful economic players in the North African country have long been the government and military. For years, they have faced criticism from economists and international lenders that this approach is stifling economic growth.

Increasing pressure, brought on by high inflation and a currency crisis, led Egypt to vow things would finally change.
The government said it started to sell stakes in March in some of the 32 state-owned companies it’s promised to privatize, from petrochemical firms to banks. The policy announced in December as part of reforms linked to a loan from the International Monetary Fund but still allows the state to work in key sectors like health, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, oil and gas, insurance and more.

Business leaders and analysts are skeptical. Several told The Associated Press that they expect the government and military to remain anti-competitive. As of early April, none of the state-owned companies have been sold, and some critics question who would invest as multinational companies have fled, small firms have been squeezed out and public agencies remain secretive and slow.
“In terms of risk, why would you invest in a country with a powerful state competitor that has little regard for the rule of law?” said Timothy Kaldas, deputy director of the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy in Washington.
Three former and current company owners, who spoke on the condition of anonymity for fear they could be targeted by the government in retaliation for speaking openly, said the military’s power in certain sectors means going into business with them is the only option. They don’t expect that to change.

The Egypt-run company offered a partnership that would take 30% to 50% of the profits and saddle the small business with all the liability. He closed instead.
“We shut the company down before the government started coming for taxes,” he said
Others persist despite the government’s dominance.
“Even if that means at times losing money, they – firms – do it because they know that if they don’t, then the military will cut them out of future contracts,” said Yezid Sayigh, a senior associate at the Carnegie Middle East Center who researches the military’s role in the economy.
Selling state companies and government transparency are key goals of a $3 billion bailout package that Egypt secured from the IMF in December to help it weather recent shocks to the global economy, including the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia’s war in Ukraine, that have pushed the country to the financial brink.

Since the war in Ukraine began in February 2022, sending up food and fuel prices, the Egyptian pound has lost over 50% of its value against the dollar and inflation has exceeded 30%, pushing more people into poverty and leaving businesses struggling.
In seeking Egypt’s fourth loan from the IMF in the past six years, Prime Minister Moustafa Madbouly says the hope is the reforms “bring in strategic investors” and “widen the participation of Egyptian citizenship in public ownership.”
Egypt’s Ministry of Finance did not respond to requests for comment about the push to privatize companies.
The IMF says it’s preparing for an initial review to ensure Egypt is meeting the goals of the bailout program, including privatization.
“Dates for the first review mission will be announced when they have been agreed with the authorities,” communications director Julie Kozack said at a March 23 press briefing.
Meanwhile, the conditions are squeezing small businesses. One owner of a manufacturing company said he is locked into state contracts while facing rising import costs and taxes. He lamented that small firms can’t even take advantage of the one benefit of the economic crisis: “Egypt’s falling exchange rate is making our goods more competitive internationally.”
But businesses are barely staying afloat, and the government doesn’t help private firms find markets abroad, he said.
Despite criticism, leaders hope the energy sector in particular will be a magnet for private investment, with its geography and large solar plants offering the potential to tap renewable financing.
Rystad Energy said Egypt received over $100 billion in investment for planned green hydrogen projects last year. The government also plans to turn the country into a hub for liquefying and exporting natural gas after recent offshore discoveries.
For Egypt to attract funding, the government needs a financial overhaul to make renewable investing less risky and reduce delays, said Jessica Obeid, a nonresident scholar at the Middle East Institute.

“Across the world, everyone is kind of competing for a small pool of investors’ money, and it will all go down to a country’s ability to implement required reforms and increase investors’ appetites in coming into the market,” she said.
Plus, “it’s not easy to attract investment when you have military and government involvement across so many sectors of the economy,” Obeid said.
It is yet to be seen who will buy shares in state-owned companies including Banque Du Caire, one of Egypt’s largest banks, and gasoline company Wataniya.
The World Justice Project found public agencies and the legal system are sluggish and lack transparency, in a 2022 report that ranked Egypt last among the Middle Eastern and North African countries when it comes to rule of law.

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NEW YORK: H1B Visa “Thing Of Past”: Union Minister Piyush Goyal After US Visit

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NEW YORK: Union Minister of Commerce and Industry, Piyush Goyal, declared that the H1B visa issue is now “a thing of the past” during a meeting at Vanijya Bhavan, New Delhi.

He emphasized that the topic would no longer be a point of discussion in international dialogues, marking a shift in focus towards other areas of economic and strategic partnerships.

Minister Goyal’s recent visit to the United States included a two-day stay in New York, where he met with CEOs of major companies to discuss reforms initiated by the Modi government aimed at boosting foreign investments in India, particularly in the pharmaceutical and diamond sectors.

Surat, a prominent hub for the diamond industry, was highlighted as a key region for such investments. Goyal met around thirty business leaders who have already established ventures in India, signalling continued interest in expanding business operations in the country.

Following his engagements in New York, the Minister travelled to Washington, where he had a luncheon meeting with 17 CEOs from the CEO forum, including Tata Sons’ top executive.

The discussions primarily centred on restructuring the forum, as the terms of several members are set to expire in December. Various Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) were also signed during the visit, underscoring the commitment to deepening business ties.

The visit also involved meetings with Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), think tanks, educators, and the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). Goyal described this visit as different from previous trips, noting that there were no “negative agendas” on the table, reflecting a more positive outlook towards Indo-US relations.

Discussions extended beyond traditional sectors, covering potential partnerships in critical areas such as clean energy development, technology transfer, digital telecommunications, and defence.

Talks on biosciences have been ongoing, though Goyal noted that progress on biofuels was limited due to the upcoming US elections.

There were also conversations about setting a stable exchange rate between the Indian rupee and the US dollar, which could benefit bilateral trade.

Tourism and the development of the digital economy were also focal points during his meetings. Goyal’s engagements at the CEO forum and with the CA forum aimed to showcase India’s evolving business landscape and ongoing economic reforms, positioning the country as an attractive destination for global investment.

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LONDON: Focus On UK Visas For Indians As Tory Leadership Contest Enters Last Leg

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LONDON: The two frontrunners in the race to replace Rishi Sunak as Conservative Party leader and take his place in the House of Commons as Leader of the Opposition have thrown the spotlight on cutting immigration into the UK, with visas for Indians being singled out in heated debates.

Against the backdrop of the launch of the Conservative Party conference in Birmingham on Sunday, former immigration minister Robert Jenrick singled out India as one of the countries that should be subjected to tough visa restrictions across all categories unless it takes back its nationals who enter Britain illegally.

His closest contender, shadow housing secretary Kemi Badenoch, has also zeroed in on the same issue and condemned new migrants bringing their disputes from India to cause unrest on the streets of the country.

“It is quite clear that there are many people who have recently come to this country who have brought views from their countries of origin that have no place here,” Badenoch told the BBC.

“I saw as equalities minister people bringing cultural disputes from India to the streets of Leicester… we need to make sure that when people come to this country, they leave their previous differences behind. This is not a controversial thing to say,” she said.

Nigerian-heritage Badenoch, considered among the favourites to win the ongoing Tory leadership election, was apparently referencing the clashes that broke out in Leicester in September 2022 in the wake of an India-Pakistan Asia Cup cricket match.

Meanwhile, her former ministerial colleague Robert Jenrick who has notched up an early lead in the contest told ‘The Daily Telegraph’ earlier this week that while India benefited from 250,000 visas in the past year, there were as many as 100,000 Indian nationals estimated to be illegally residing in the UK.

He lamented that deportations or removals to India remain stuck in the hundreds despite an India-UK Migration and Mobility Partnership which is designed to cover such returns of illegal migrants.

“The government must stop other countries exploiting our generosity by imposing severe visa restrictions and restricting foreign aid to countries that do not take back their nationals here illegally,” said Jenrick.

Over the four-day Tory conference starting on Sunday, Jenrick and Badenoch will go head-to-head with two other party colleagues – former Cabinet ministers James Cleverly and Tom Tugendhat – as they make their leadership pitches before MPs vote in the next round. This time the field will be whittled down to the final two candidates who will then fight it out for the online ballot of the wider Conservative Party membership, many of whom will be making up their minds during the party conference. The new Conservative Party chief and Opposition Leader is then scheduled to be declared on November 2 after the voting closes.

The election follows the resignation of Sunak as Tory leader in the wake of the party’s bruising general election defeat in July under his leadership. The British Indian politician, who was re-elected member of Parliament from Richmond and Northallerton in northern England, has meanwhile been serving as interim leader until his successor is elected. 

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ATHENS: Indian Investors Rush To Buy Houses In Greece Under Golden Visa Scheme

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ATHENS: Greece has witnessed a remarkable 37 per cent surge in property purchases by Indian investors between July and August. This flurry of activity is driven by Indian buyers eager to secure permanent residency under Greece’s Golden Visa Programme before significant regulatory changes took effect on September 1.

Launched in 2013, Greece’s Golden Visa programme offers residency permits in exchange for property investments, making it an attractive option for non-EU citizens. Its initial €250,000 (Rs 2.2 crore) threshold was one of Europe’s lowest, drawing significant investment and boosting Greece’s real estate market.

However, the surge in demand pushed up property prices, particularly in high-demand areas like Athens, Thessaloniki, Mykonos and Santorini. To address this, the Greek government raised the investment threshold to €800,000 (approx Rs 7 crore) for properties in these regions, effective September 1 2024.

Sanjay Sachdev, Global Marketing Director of Leptos Estates, noted an “unprecedented rush” of Indian homebuyers in recent months. “Many investors purchased under-construction projects with handover periods of six-twelve months,” said Sanjay Sachdev, as per MoneyControl.

Many invested in properties under construction, with completion timelines of six to twelve months. Leptos Estates reported selling out its available residential stock in Greece due to this surge.

Effective September 2024, the revised Golden Visa programme seeks to:

– Temper rapid price increases

– Promote equitable development

– Direct investment towards less saturated areas

The appeal of Greece’s Golden Visa Programme for Indian investors

– Greece offers attractive rental yields of 3-5 per cent annually, making property investments financially rewarding.

– Property values in Greece have been increasing at an impressive rate of 10 per cent year-on-year, with significant growth following the pandemic.

– Investors gain access to high-quality healthcare, education, and the opportunity to establish businesses within the EU.

Before the rule changes, Indian investors gravitated towards popular Greek islands like Paros, Crete, and Santorini for property purchases. 

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